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| 主題 | 托福考試詞匯向導（ 之二） taisha.org 2002-04-08 08:46:43 | | |
Unit 6
blush v.害羞;臉紅 [ME<OE blyscan]
bluster v.狂吹;咆哮 [16th c.: ult. imit.]
bode v.預示 [OE bodian<boda messenger送信的人,信差,報信者]
bog n.沼澤;泥塘
boggle v.n.驚跳;畏縮不前 [prob<dial boggle BOGEY(高爾夫)以高于標准桿數(par)一桿入<洞> BOGY 似沼澤的;多沼澤的 BOG] [濕地,沼澤 陷于泥淖;變得動彈不得]
bogus a.假的;偽造的 [19th-c. US word]
boisterous a.喧鬧的 [var of ME boistous]
bolster v.支持;援助;墊木 [20th c.: orig. uncert.]
bolt n.閂門;螺釘脫黨 [ME<OF bulter, bulete]
bombardment n.炮擊 [bombard 炮轟;轟炸 The artillery ~ed the enemy all day 炮兵終日炮轟敵人;質問 med.L bombarda a] [stone-throwing engine: BOMB]
bombastic a.誇大的 [earlier bombace cotton wool<F<medL bombax -acis alt<bombyx; bombast大話;誇大的]
bonanza n.富礦帶;幸運物;幸運 [orig US<Sp, = fair weather,<L bonus good]
bondage n.奴役;囚禁 [ME<AL bondagium: infl by BOND 束縛;連結物;盟約;聯盟]
bonfire n.(慶祝或信號)大溝火;火 [earlier bonefire <BONE (bones being the chief material formerly used) + FIRE]
bonnet n.婦女帽;共謀者 [ME<OF bonet short for chapel de bonet cap of some kind of material(medL bonetus)]
bonny a.美麗的;健康的 [16th c: perh<F bon good =bonnie]
bonus n.獎金;分紅;退還款項 [L bonus, bonum good (thing)]
boom v.n.響聲;忽然興隆;宣傳 [Du., = BEAM n.]
booming a.景氣的;受歡迎的;隆隆響 [~ toy sales 日趨興隆的玩具銷售]
boon n.恩惠;愉快的;溫和的 [ME (orig. = jolly, congenial) <OF bon <L bonus good]
boor n.農民;鄉下人;粗野的人 [LG bur or Du boer farmer: cf BOWER =Boer boorish粗野的]
boost v.推動 [booster 援助者;升壓機;推進器]
booth n.攤棚;電話亭 [ME<Scand.]
bootless a.無用的 [OE botleas(BOOT, LESS)BOOT(<OE "利益")to boot 另外,加之,而且 (常~s) 長靴,長統鞋,半長 靴],[高腰鞋 5(the ~)(俚)解雇,革職,開革]
booze v.酒宴;飲酒 [earlier bouse, bowse,<MDu busen drink to excess]
bore v.n.鑽孔;使厭;無聊的人 [ME, perh<ON b a wave]
boreal a.北的;北風的 [ME <F boreal or LL borealis <L Boreas <Gk Boreas god of the north wind]
boredom n.無聊;令人厭煩的事物
bosom n.胸;懷中;愛情;擁抱 [OE bosm<Gmc]
botany n.植物學(書) [botanic<F botanique or LL botanicus<Gk botanikos<botane plant botanical植物的;植物學的]
botch v.拙笨地修補;糟蹋 [botcher 扭劣的工匠;笨手笨腳的人]
bouillon n.肉湯;牛肉湯 [F<bouillir to boil]
boulder n.圓石頭;玉石 [short for boulderstone, ME<Scand]
boulevard n.林蔭大道
boundary n.界限,範圍 [dial. bounder<BOUND + -ER perh. after limitary]
bounteous a.慷慨的;寬大的 [ME<OF bontif<bonte BOUNTY after plenteous(詩)= plentiful]
bountiful a.大方的 [ME<OF bontif<bonte BOUNTY(<L."好東西")慷慨,好施,博愛,仁愛,寬大 after plenteous BOUNTY+] [FUL bounteous慷慨的,寬大的]
bounty n.慷慨,寬大;贈與 [f. L bonitas -tatis<bonus good]
bouquet n.花束;香味;(酒等)芳香 [F<dial var of OF bos, bois wood]
bourgeois n.中產階級的人 [F: BURGESS 市民;議員]
bourn n.小河;目標;界限 [F borne <OF bodne BOUND]
bout n.一陣;一回;一次 [16th c: app the same as obs bought bending]
bovine a.似牛的;笨拙的 [LL bovinus<L bos bovis ox]
bowdlerize v.刪去不妥的文句 [T Bowdler(d 1825), expurgator of Shakesp]
bower n.樹蔭;寢室;提琴演奏者 [G Bauer peasant, jack at cards, rel to Du boer: BOOR農民;鄉下;佬]
boycott v.聯合抵制 [Capt C C Boycott, Irish land-agent d 1897, so treated from 1880]
brace v.支持;使固定 [ME<OF brace two arms, bracier embrace,<L brachia arms bracing緊張的;使心神清爽的;支柱]
bracelet n.手鐲;手拷 [ME<OF, dimin. of bracel<L bracchiale< bra(c)chium arm]
brackish a.混有鹽的;作嘔的 [obs brack(adj)<MLG, MDu brac]
brag n.自誇,吹牛,自誇的東西 [ME, orig. adj., = spirited, boastful: orig. unkn.]
braggart n.吹牛;吹牛的 [F bragard<braguer BRAG自誇,誇耀,吹噓()(of, about)]
brake n.煞車器;叢林;煞車 [ME, perh shortened<BRACKEN, -en being taken as a pl ending]
bramble n.荊棘 [OE br’mbel(earlier br’mel): BROOM 掃帚(植物)金雀花]
brand n.品種;商標;烙印 [OE<Gmc]
brandish v.揮 [OF brandir ult<Gmc, rel to BRAND(<OE "火焰")(打在商品上或牲畜身上的)烙印;商標]
brash a.性急的;倉促的;無禮的 [brashy 易碎的;脆弱的 ~ material 易碎的材質]
brat n.小鬼;小家伙 [a spoiled ~ 調皮搗蛋的小鬼;小壞蛋]
bravado n.作威;虛張的勇氣 [Sp bravata<bravo: cf BRAVE, -ADO ado 騷擾;費力,麻煩;騷動;困難]
bravo int.n.好極!暴徒;刺客 [It.: BRAVE]
bravura n.勇敢嘗試;華美演奏 [(<與 bravery 對應的意大利語)]
braw a.衣飾華美的;美好的 [var. of brawf BRAVE]
brawl v.爭吵 [ME<OProv, rel to BRAY 驢的叫聲,似驢叫的聲音 喧嘩 搗碎,擂碎,把搗成粉]
brawny a.肌肉結實的;強壯的 [brawn 肌肉;肌力,膂力,體力;人力,勞力]
braze v.用黃銅制;做黃銅色 [OE br’sen <br’s BRASS]
brazen a.無恥的 [OE br’sen<br’s brass brazenly ad.厚著臉皮地]
brazier n.火盆 [ME prob<BRASS + -IER, after glass, glazier]
breach n.破裂;違反法紀 [ME<OF breche, ult<Gmc]
breeze n.微風
brevity n.簡潔 [AF brevete, OF brievete<bref BRIEF]
brew v.釀造;圖謀 [OE breowan<Gmc]
bribe n.賄賂;收買 [ME <OF briber, brimber beg]
bridle n.v.韁繩;拘束;抑制;昂首 [OE bridel unbridled激烈的;不受約束的]
brigade n.旅;隊;編成旅;分類 [F <It. brigata company <brigare be busy with <briga strife; a fire ~ 消防隊]
brigand n.強盜 [ME<OF<It brigante<brigare: BRIGADE(軍)旅(軍隊式組織之)團體,隊,組]
brilliant a.燦爛的;顯赫的;有才氣的 [F brillant part of briller shine<It brillare]
brim n.(杯、碗的)邊 [ME brimme brimful盈滿的]
brindled a.有斑紋的 [earlier brinded, brended<brend, perh of Scand orig]
brink n.邊緣(峭壁等的);水際
brisk a.活潑的 [prob F brusque BRUSQUE<態度、言詞,人>莽撞的,粗率的,無禮的,唐突的 =BRUSK]
bristle v.豎立毛發;發怒 [ME bristel, brestel<OE byrst]
brittle a.脆的 [brittle star 陽遂足 (屬棘皮動物,類似海盤車;亦稱serpent star)]
broach v.鑽孔使流出;初次提出 [ME<OF broche(n), brocher(v)ult<L brocc(h)us projecting]
brocade n.織錦 [Sp & Port brocado<It broccato<brocco twisted thread]
brochure n.小冊子 [F, lit ’stitching’,<brocher stitch]
broil v.燒;曝曬;爭吵 [obs broil to muddle: cf EMBROIL 使事態混亂]
broker n.經紀人;股票經紀人 [a ~ house 証券公司 (<OE "給葡萄酒桶開口的人")]
bromide n.嗅化物;平凡人;陳腔濫調
bronchitis n.支氣管炎
bronze n.a.青銅;青銅制品;青銅色 [F <It. bronzo, prob. <Pers. birinj copper]
brooch n.胸針或領針 [ME broche = BROACH(<L."有突出之齒的")擴孔錐;螺旋鑽;談起,提起,提議;鑽孔于<桶等>]
brood n.v.窩;孵;沉思 [OE brod<Gmc]
brook n.容忍;小河 [OE brucan<Gmc]
browbeat v.恫嚇;威嚇 [(brow + beat) ~ a person into working 威嚇某人工作 ~ a person out of going alone 嚇阻某人單獨去]
browse n.嫩葉;放牧;瀏覽書本 [(n)<earlier brouse<OF brost young shoot, prob<Gmc;(v)<F broster]
bruise v.打傷 [ME<OE brysan crush, reinforced by AF bruser, OF bruisier break]
bruit v.傳布;散布(謠言等) [F, = noise<bruire roar (對)咆哮,大叫;大笑(at)]
brunch n.早午餐 [BR(EAKFAST) + (L)UNCH]
brusque a.唐突的;粗率的 [F<It brusco sour =BRUSK]
brutal a.野蠻的 [F brutal or medL brutalis<brutus BRUTE brutality殘忍,野蠻的行為 brute畜生;殘暴的人;粗暴的]
brute n.畜生;殘暴的人 [F<L brutus stupid]
bubble n.泡沫
buckle n.v.扣子;彎曲;扣住 [ME<OF boucle<L buccula cheek-strap of a helmet<bucca cheek: v<F boucler bulge(<L."袋")鼓起,凸] [<out>]
bucolic a.鄉村的;牧人的 [L bucolicus<Gk boukolikos<boukolos herdsman<bous OX]
bud n.芽;花蕾,未發育的東西
buddy n.同伴;伙伴;弟兄 [perh. corrupt. of brother, or var. of BUTTY]
budget n.預算;預算案;營運費 [ME = pouch,<OF bougette dimin. of bouge leather bag<L bulga (f. Gaulish) knapsack: cf. BULGE]
buffalo n.水牛;美國野牛 [prob. <Port. bufalo <LL bufalus <L bubalus <Gk boubalos antelope, wild ox =bison]
buffer n.緩衝器;減弱衝突的人 [18th c.: prob. formed as BUFFER or with the sense ’stutterer’]
buffet n.v.冷餐;毆打;衝擊;搏斗
buffoon n.醜角;滑稽劇演員 [F bouffon <It. buffone <med.L buffo clown <Rmc]
buffoonery n.滑稽 [F bouffon<It buffone<medL buffo clown<Rmc buffoon 醜角,滑稽劇演員]
bug n.昆蟲;故障;裝置防犯鈴 [buggy 多蟲的;馬車 (蟲)amoeba 阿米巴,變形蟲 aphis 芽蟲,獐螂 beetle 甲蟲;木槌;杵;v.凸出 bot ] [蠅的幼蟲;馬的膚病之一種 cantharides 斑螫;斑螫幹燥制劑]
bugaboo n.鬼怪 [prob of dial orig: cf Welsh bwcibo the Devil, bwci hobgoblin 調皮的小鬼 (小妖精) 鬼怪]
bugle n.喇叭
bulb n.球莖;燈泡 [L bulbus<Gk bolbos onion bulbous 球根的;球根狀的]
bulge n.桶腰凸出部份;膨脹 [ME<OF boulge, bouge<L bulga: BUDGET]
bulk n.大小;容積;船艙 [sense ’cargo’<OIcel sense ’mass’ etc perh alt<obs bouk(cf BUCK)]
bullion n.金塊;銀塊 [AF = mint, var of OF bouillon ult<L bullire boil]
bullshit n.胡說 [BULL + SHIT]
bully n.惡霸;流氓;罐頭牛肉 [F bouilli boiled beef<bouillir BOIL bullyboy 暴徒,保鑣;政治流氓]
bullyrag v.恐嚇,欺凌
bulwark n.堡壘;防御 [ME<MLG, MDu bolwerk: BOLE樹幹(trunk), WORK]
bum n.游蕩者;懶鬼
[prob abbr or back-form<BUMMER 討厭之事 (狀況) ;失望;失敗(吸毒等)非常不愉快的經歷 (事件, 面)] bumpkin 鄉下人,鄉巴佬,土包子;粗魯的人
bumble v.說話含糊 [BOOM+-LE: partly<bumble = blunderer飯桶,冒失鬼]
bumblebee n.大黃蜂
bummer n.無賴;游民;游蕩者 [19th c.: perh. <G Bummler]
bumper n.緩衝擋;滿杯;豐收;客滿
bumpkin n.土包子;鄉下人 [perh Du boomken little tree or MDu bommekijn little barrel]
bumptious a.傲慢的;唐突的 [BUMP 衝突;撲通;隆起部分, after FRACTIOUS 易怒的;乖僻的;難駕馭的]
bumpy a.坑窪不平的;崎嶇的 [a ~ road 崎嶇不平的路 have a ~ ride 乘車顛簸而行]
bun n.面包;卷發;兔;慄鼠
bungle v.n.拙劣地工作;失敗 [imit.: c<BUMBLE]
buoy n.浮標;救生圈; 支持;浮上 [ME prob<MDu bo(e)ye, ult<L boia collar<Gk boeiai ox-hides buoyancy 浮力;樂觀的氣質;(行情)上漲] [buoyant易浮的;快樂的]
buoyant a.能浮的,有浮力;輕快的 [F buoyant or Sp. boyante part. of boyar float< boya BUOY]
bureaucracy n.官僚政治 [F bureaucratie: BUREAU(美)(政府機關的)局((英)department)]
burgeon v.突然成長;萌芽 [ME<OF bor-, burjon ult<LL burra wool]
burglar n.夜賊;夜盜 [legal AF burgler, rel. to OF burgier pillage. ~ alarm 防盜警報器]
burial n.埋葬;葬禮
[ME, erron. formed as sing. of OE byrgels <Gmc: rel. to BURY. ~ ground 埋葬地,墓地. ~ service 葬禮 [式]
burlesque v.用文字、圖畫模仿以諷喻 [F<It burlesco<burla mockery笑柄;虛假;贗品;模仿]
burly a.結實的;粗壯的;率直的 [ME borli prob<an OE form = ’fit for the bower’(BOWER)]
burnish v.光輝;光澤 [ME<OF burnir = brunir<brun BROWN]
burrow n.v.洞穴;潛伏;探索 [ME, app var of BOROUGH(<OE "有城堡的地方 (城鎮)")(從前的)自治市鎮]
bushed a.被草叢籠罩的;疲倦的
buskin n.悲劇演員的短統靴;悲劇 [prob. <OF bouzequin, var. of bro(u)sequin]
buss n.v.接吻 [earlier bass (n. & v.): c<F baiser <L basiare]
bust n.半身像 [orig a(dial)pronunc of BURST<炸彈等>爆炸;<水泡、慄子等>爆裂]
bustle v.到處亂跑;喧躁;催促
buttress n.拱壁;支持物
[ME<OF(ars)bouterez thrusting(arch)<bouteret<bouter BUTT連接兩端;接界;殘余部分;靶;嘲笑對象;以 頭撞,以角抵,頂
buxom a.活潑的 [earlier sense pliant: ME<stem of OE bugan BOW+-SOME]
buzz v.n.嗡嗡聲;蜂鳴
bye a.n.附屬的;偶然的;秘密的 [BY as noun]
bypass v.省略
byre n.牛房 [OE byre: perh rel to BOWER]
byte n.(電腦)字節(八bit組成) [20th c.: perh. based on BIT and BITE_]
Unit 7
cab n.v.計乘車;駕駛室;自修書 [abbr. of CABRIOLET]
cabal n.派系;陰謀 [F cabale<medL cabala, CABBALA 猶太教的神秘哲學 秘法,秘教]
cache n.隱藏所 [F<cacher to hide]
cachet n.封印 [F<cacher press ult<L coactare constrain]
cackle v.呵呵笑 [ME prob<MLG, MDu kakelen(imit)]
cacodemon n.惡靈;惡鬼;惡人 [Gk kakodaimon <kakos bad + daimon spirit]
cacography n.拼錯字;抄錯;拙劣的書法 [Gk kakos bad, after orthography]
cacology n.措辭不當;發音不正 [LL cacologia <Gk kakologia vituperation <kakos bad]
cacophony n.不調和的聲音 [kakos bad+phone sound]
cad n.下流的男人;粗鄙的人 [abbr of CADDIE球童 in sense ’odd-job man’]
cadaver n.人之尸體 [ME<L<cadere fall cadaverous死尸一樣的;憔悴的]
cadence n.韻律;調子 [ME<OF<It cadenza, ult<L cadere fall]
cadet n.陸海空軍校學生;實習生 [F<Gascon dial capdet, ult<L caput head]
cadge v.行乞勒索(金錢等);行商 [bind, carry]
cajole v.以甜言蜜語誘惑欺騙 [F cajoler]
calamity n.災難;吹毛求疵的人 [calamitous 造成災禍的 calamity howler 杞人憂天者;悲觀論者 Calamity Jane 患難珍妮 (原名Martha] [Jane Canary(Burke)1852-1902,美國拓荒女英雄)]
caliber n.才幹;才能;口徑;器量 [同CALIBRE]
calligraphy n.書法 [call=kallos beauty+graphy]
calliope n.蒸汽琴;汽笛風琴 [Gk Kalliope muse of epic poetry(lit ’beautiful-voiced’)]
callous a.無情的;結硬塊的
[ME<L callosus(CALLUS)or F calleux callus老繭;愈合組織,肉狀體 callosity 皮膚硬化,老繭,胼胝;無 感覺;無情
callow a.未成長的 [OE calu]
calorific a.生熱的 [L calorificus<calor heat caloric 熱(的)]
calumny n.誹謗;讒言 [calumniate誹謗;中傷]
cameo n.有浮雕的寶石 [ME<OF camahieu and medL cammaeus]
camouflage n.v.偽裝;掩飾;隱瞞;欺瞞 [f camoufler disguise<It camuffare disguise, deceive]
canard n.虛報;謠言 [F, = duck]
candor n.坦白;率真
canker n.弊病 [cank螃蟹]
canny a.精明的;節儉的 [CAN(in sense ’know’)+-Y]
canon n.宗教法規;教士;經典 [OE<L<Gk kanon, in ME also<AF & OF canun, -on;in sense ME<OF canonie<ecclL canonicus: cf] [CANONICAL根據教會法的;正規的,標准的]
cant n.黑話;偽善之言 [ME<MLG kant, kante, MDu cant, point, side, edge, ult<L cant(h)us iron tire]
cantata n.清唱劇 [cant=cantare sing]
canter n.慢步小跑 [short for Canterbury(坎特布里,英國大教堂)pace, from the supposed easy pace of medieval pilgrims to] [Canterbury]
canto n.長詩中的章 [It, = song,<L cantus]
canvass v.細究;討論;檢票 [orig = toss投擲,搖蕩 in a sheet, agitate 搖動 CANVAS 帆布,油畫]
capacious a.容量大的 [L capax -acis<capere hold capacity 包容力, 收容力;容積]
caparison n.裝飾用馬衣;給馬穿衣 [<Sp caparazon saddle-cloth<capa CAPE羔羊皮(產于好望角)拉丁文"頭"岬,海角;好望角(Cape of Good] [Hope)]
caper v.n.雀躍;嬉戲;把戲 [ME capres & F c res<L capparis<Gk kapparis, treated as pl: cf CHERRY, PEA 豌豆]
capillary a.毛細管的 [<capillus hair]
capitulate v.有條件地投降 [<L caput head]
caprice n.反複無常;任性 [F<It CAPRICCIO隨想曲 capricious善變的,任性的,反覆無常的]
caption n.標題 [<capt- take]
captious a.好吹毛求疵的;詭辯的 [capt take+ious->take(other’s fault)(CAPTION)]
carat n.克拉;開 [<Gk keration fruit of the carob稻子豆(dimin of keras horn角)Karate空手道 caret加字符號]
cardinal a.首要的;基本的
[ME<OF<L cardinalis<cardo -inis hinge: in Eng first applied to the four virtues on which conduct ’hinges( 關鍵,樞紐,要點)’
cardiology n.心髒學 [cardio+logy]
careen v.使船傾倒;使側傾 [<L carina KEEL龍骨]
caress v.撫愛 [<L carus dear]
caricature n.諷刺畫;諷刺 [<caricare load, exaggerate]
carmine n.洋紅色 [<carmesinum crimson+minium cinnabar1(礦)辰砂,朱砂 鮮紅色,朱紅色(vermilion)]
carnage n.大屠殺;殘殺 [<L caro carnis flesh]
carnal a.肉體的 [<caro carnis flesh]
carnivorous a.食肉的 [<caro carnis flesh+-VOROUS carnivore 食肉動物;食蟲植物]
carouse n.v.酒宴;痛飲;狂歡 [orig as adv = right out, in phr drink carouse<G gar aus trinken carousal喧鬧的酒會]
carping a.吹毛求疵的
carrion n.腐臭的尸體 [ME<AF & ONF caroine, -oigne, OF charoigne ult<L caro flesh]
cartographer n.制圖者 [carto紙+grapher]
carve v.雕刻;切成薄片;開拓 [OE ceorfan cut<WG]
cascade n.小瀑布 [F<It cascata<cascare to fall ult<L casus: CASE(<L."發生的事")情形,場合;事例]
caste n.印度世襲階級;階級制度 [<casto pure, CHASTE(<L."無缺點的,純潔的")1<女子>(肉體上)純潔的,貞潔的]
castigate v.譴責;懲治 [L castigare reprove<castus pure castigation 強烈申斥;反對;鞭打;懲罰]
casualty n.意外;災禍 [ME<medL casualitas(CASUAL), after ROYALTY etc]
casuistry n.詭辯;曲解 [casuist 詭辯家 F casuiste <Sp. casuista <L casus CASE]
cataclysm n.洪水;劇變 [cata向下的+clysm=kluzo洗 catacomb地下墓穴 catalogue分類目錄 clyster(醫)灌腸]
catalyst n.催化劑 [cata+lysis溶解 after analyst catalysis接觸反應,催化作用]
catapult n.彈弩;發射機 [F catapulte or L catapulta<Gk katapeltes(CATA-, pallo hurl)]
catastrophe n.大災難 [cata+strophe turning]
catechism n.問答形式的教授法 [CATECHIZE 以問答方式講授;盤問 catechizer 口試者 catechist 傳道師;盤問者;採用問答式教學者]
categorical a.絕對的 [CATEGORY 種類]
cater v.承辦酒席;迎合 [<acater buy; cate n.佳肴,美食]
catharsis n.導瀉;淨化 [<kathairo cleanse cathartic通便的;洗滌(胃腸)的;瀉藥]
catholic a.寬容的;廣泛的 [<kata in respect of+holos whole Catholic天主教]
caucus n.幹部會議;核心人物 [18th-c US, perh<Algonquin cau’ -cau-as’ u adviser]
caustic a.腐蝕性的;刻薄的 [<kaustos burnt<kaio burn]
cauterize v.灼燒 [<kaio burn]
cavalcade n.車隊等的行列 [<cavalcare ride ult<L caballus pack-horse]
cavil v.吹毛求疵;苛責 [<L cavillari<cavilla mockery 嘲弄;蔑視]
cavity n.空穴;空腔;蛀牙洞 [<L cavus hollow洞]
cede v.割讓;讓步 [<L cedere yield]
celebrity n.名聲;名人 [<celebr有名的+ity CELEBRATED 馳名的,有名的]
celerity n.快速 [<celer swift]
celestial a.天上的 [CELESTE天空]
celibate a.獨身的 [<caelebs -ibis unmarried;celibacy 獨身生活(尤指修道者立下宗教誓約而遵守的)]
censor n.檢查員 [<L censere assess cencorous 好批評的, 好吹毛求疵者 censorship 檢查;監察;檢察官之職]
censure v.責備 [<L censura<censere assess 核定<稅額、罰款額等>,評定(at)]
centaur n.人首馬身的怪物 [ME<L centaurus<Gk kentauros]
centigrade n.攝氏溫標 [F<L centum hundred+gradus step]
centrifugal a.離心的 [<L centrum centre+fugere flee refugee難民]
centripetal a.向心的 [<L centrum centre+petere seek]
ceremonious a.隆重的;客套的 [F ceremonieux or LL caerimoniosus CEREMONY典禮 ceremonial 儀式的;講究儀式的;正式的]
cessation n.中止 [ME<L cessatio<cessare CEASE]
cession n.割讓 [ME<OF cession or L cessio<cedere cess- go away]
chaff n.粗糠;谷殼 [<CHAFE 摩擦;激怒]
chaffing a.玩笑的;嘲弄的
chagrin n.煩悶;懊惱 [cha-grin,GRIN苦笑 chagined 失望的;灰心的]
chalice n.杯;聖餐杯 [<L calix -icis cup]
champ v.大聲地嚼 [prob. imit.]
chanty n.船夫曲;勞動號子
chaos n.混亂 [F or L<Gk khaos: - otic after erotic etc CHAOTIC混亂的]
charisma n.能吸引大眾的非凡能力 [<Gk kharisma<kharis favour, grace]
charitable a.寬大的;慈善的 [E<OF<charite CHARITY 慈悲;施舍,慈善設施]
charlatan n.騙子;冒充內行者 [F<It ciarlatano<ciarlare babble 喋喋不休, 羅嗦, 嘮叨]
charter n.v.執照;憲章;發特許執照 [CHARTE圖表]
chary a.謹慎的;吝嗇的;害羞的 [with ~ look 以謹慎的表情 He is ~ of praise (praising others) 他吝于 (不輕易) 稱贊別人 She is ~ of] [strangers 她見到陌生人會害羞]
chasm n.深坑 [<Gk khasma gaping hollow]
chassis n.汽車等之底盤 [<L capsa箱]
chaste a.貞潔的;純潔的 [<L castus chastity 貞節;純潔]
chasten v.懲戒;責罰;抑制;使緩和 [<L castigare CASTIGATE懲罰 CHASTISE嚴厲懲罰;譴責]
chattel n.動產 [ME<OF chatel: CATTLE牛,家畜]
chauvinist n.盲目的愛國者 [Chauvin, a Napoleonic veteran in the Cogniards’ Cocarde Tricolore(1831)]
checkered a.多變的 [a ~ career (life) 波折多變的人生(經歷)checker 方格花紋;使呈各種顏色 The lawn was ~ed with sunlight] [and shade 草坪上光影交錯成方格圖案]
chicanery n.奸計;狡猾手段 [F chicanerie CHICANE 搪塞,狡辯;欺騙]
chide v.叱責;譴責 [OE cidan]
chimerical a.幻想的;荒誕的 [L<Gk khimaira she-goat, chimera(希神)吐火獸;怪物;妄想]
chiromancy n.手相術 [chiro手+mancy非科學 NACROMANCY通靈術]
chiropodist n.足科醫生
chirp v.吱喳鳴出或叫出 [ME, earlier chirk, chirt]
choke v.使窒息 [prob confusion of the ending of artichoke with CHOKE]
choleric a.暴燥的
[<Gk kholerikos: CHOLER脾氣暴躁,動肝火;膽汁,膽汁質 a man of choleric temper 脾氣暴躁 (易怒) 的男人
chop v.砍;突然改變方向 [choppy 波浪起伏的;多裂縫的;易變的]
chronic a.長期的;慢性的 [<khronos time]
chuckle v.咯咯而笑 [CHUCK(輕扣;拋出,拋棄;中止) CLUCK(咯咯叫)]
chum n.室友; 好友; 摯友 [be ~s with … 與…是好朋友 a new ~ 新來的移民 Tom ~med up with me 湯姆和我成為好朋友] [chummage (俗)同室;共宿舊囚犯向新囚犯勒索金錢]
churlish a.粗野的;下賤的;難駕馭的 [OE cierlisc, ceorlisc<ceorl CHURL下賤的人;吝嗇鬼]
ciliated a.有纖毛的
circlet n.戒指;小圈
circuitous a.繞行的;迂回的 [<circuitus CIRCUIT 巡回;環游旅行;周圍,紆路;電路;姊妹]
circumlocution n.迂回累贅的陳述 [ME<F circumlocution or L circumlocutio(CIRCUM-, LOCUTION 說話法;語風), transl of Gk] [PERIPHRASIS(修辭)迂說法;拐彎抹角的說法, 繞圈子的說法]
circumspect a.慎重的;小心的 [CIRCUM-, specere spect- look]
circumvent v.占上風;智取;規避 [CIRCUM-, venire come]
citadel n.城堡;要塞 [<L civitas -tatis city]
cite v.引用;舉例 [<L citare<ciere set moving]
clairvoyant a.具有洞察力的 [clairvoyance 透視力;異常的洞察力<clair CLEAR+voir voy- see CLAIRAUDIENCE超人的聽力] [VOYAGE航行]
clamber v.攀爬 [<clamb, obs past tense of CLIMB]
clammy a.粘濕的;病態的 [<clam to daub(塗抹;弄贓)]
clamorous a.吵鬧的 [clamor喧鬧;大聲叫嚷]
clamp n.鉗子;夾住 [16th c: prob<Du klamp heap(in sense related to CLUMP 叢生, 結塊;笨重的腳步聲]
clandestine a.暗中的;秘密的 [<clam secretly]
clarion n.響亮尖銳之聲 [<L clario -onis<L clarus clear]
clarity n.清楚;明了;澄澈 [<L claritas<clarus clear]
clash n.當當聲;衝突;猛撞;抵觸 [clack, clang發鏗鏘聲 crack打開;破裂;裂縫 crash壓壞;壓碎]
claustrophobia n.幽閉恐懼症 [<L claustrum: CLOISTER修道院;寺廟]
cleanse v.使純潔;使清潔 [OE cl’nsian(see CLEAN)]
cleave v.劈裂;開闢 [(用斧頭等沿著樹紋、劈開面)劈開<木材、岩石等>cleavage 劈開,劈開部;分裂]
cleft n.裂口 [OE rel to CLEAVE(用斧頭等沿樹紋、劈開面)劈開,剖開]
clemency n.仁慈;和藹 [<L clemens -entis clement仁慈的,寬厚的]
cliche n.陳腔濫調;老套 [F<clicher to stereotype]
climactic a.高潮的 [CLIMAX+-IC, perh after SYNTACTIC文章構成法 or CLIMACTERIC危機的,更年期的]
clinch v.釘牢;揪住 [同CLENCH 咬緊<牙關>;緊閉<嘴巴>;緊握<拳頭>;緊握,抓住<某物>]
clip v.修剪;包圍 [ME<ON klippa, prob imit]
clique n.朋黨;派系 [F<cliquer CLICK嘀噠聲]
clog v.阻礙 [縛在動物等腳上限制其行動 (防止逃跑) 的圓木 阻礙,妨礙<up>(with)]
cloister n.修道院;寺院 [<claudere claus- CLOSE cloistered 住在修道院的,隱居的]
clout n.影響力 [OE clut, rel to CLEAT 楔子形的栓;(鞋底等的)止滑片, CLOT結塊,凝固_]
Unit 8
clumsy a.笨拙的;不好看的;粗陋的 [obs clumse be numb(麻木的)with cold]
cluster n.串;束 [OE clyster: cf CLOT凝結]
clutch v.抓緊 [18th c: prob SEngl var of cletch<cleck to hatch<ON klekja, assoc with CLUTCH(用手或指甲等)抓住,] [握]
clutter n.喧鬧 [partly var of clotter coagulate, partly assoc with CLUSTER, CLATTER 嗒聲;喧鬧]
coadjutor n.助手;伙伴 [CO-, adjutor<adjuvare -jut- help ADJUTANT副手;副官]
coalesce v.聯合;合並 [CO-, alescere alit- grow<alere nourish coalition結合,合並]
coax v.甘言勸誘
coaxal a.同軸的
cockade n.帽章 [<fem of obs coquard saucy傲慢的;活潑的<coq COCK公雞;聳立]
coddle v.嬌養;溺愛 [caudle invalids’ gruel稀粥;使極度疲勞]
codicil n.遺囑的附錄 [L codicillus, dimin of CODEX法律;規則]
coerce v.強迫 [CO-, arcere restrain coercion 強迫;威壓;高壓政治]
cog n.輪齒 [ME: prob of Scand orig]
cogent a.使人信服的 [CO-, agere act- drive cogency(使人信服的)力量,(理論等的)中肯]
cogitate v.思考 [L cogitare think(CO-, AGITATE騷動)cogitation(常 ~s)(文語)思考(力),熟慮;深思 after much ~ 經過] [思熟慮之後 cogitable 可以思考的,可做思考題目的]
cognate a.同源的;同性質的 [L cognatus(CO-, natus born)]
cognizance n.認知 [ME<OF conoisance ult<L cognoscent-<cognitio: COGNITION認識;知覺]
cognomen n.姓 [cognominal 同名的 姓的 cognoscente(美術品等的)鑒賞家 cognoscible 可認知的;可辨識的]
cohere v.凝聚 [L cohaerere cohaes-(CO-, haerere stick)coherent 互相密合的;凝聚性的 cohesion 團結;凝結力]
coherence n.n.附著;凝聚;結合
cohort n.一隊兵;同事 [ME<F cohorte or L cohors cohort- enclosure圍繞, company]
coincide v.與...一致;符合;暗合 [medL coincidere(CO-, INCIDENT 事件;附帶的, 外來的)coincidence 一致,符合;偶合,巧合]
colander n.濾器;漏鍋 [ME, ult<L colare strain 拉緊]
collaborate v.合作 [L collaborare collaborat-(COM-, laborare work)]
collate v.校勘;對照 [L collat- pp. stem of conferre compare]
collateral a.並行的;旁系的 [ME<medL collateralis(COM-, LATERAL 側面;旁邊的)]
collation n.便餐;核對 [<Cassian’s Collationes Patrum同 Lives of the Fathers)read by Benedictines(聖本鐸修會的僧)and followed] [by a light meal]
collide v.碰撞;衝突;抵觸
[L collidere collis-(COM-, laedere strike, damage)collision 碰撞,猛撞(with, against)(利害、意見、目的 [的)對立,不一致,衝突]
collier n.煤礦工人;運煤船 [<COAL+-IER]
colloquial a.會話的;口語的 [L colloquium COLLOQUY(<L."談話,會談")(文語)(正式的)對話,會談]
collusion n.共謀;騙串;勾結 [ME<OF collusion or L collusio(COLLUDE共謀,串通,勾結 L colludere collus-(COM-, ludere lus- play))]
colorable a.似是而非的;貌似可取的
comatose a.昏睡的;無生氣的 [coma 昏睡;彗核;種芒]
combustible a.易燃的 [combust- burn up COMBUSTION 燃燒;氧化]
comely a.美麗動人的 [ME cumelich, cumli prob<becumelich<BECOME]
comestible n.a.食品;可以吃的 [<L comedere comest- eat up]
comity n.禮儀 [L comitas<comis courteous彬彬有禮的]
commandeer v.征募(兵役等);征用 [<F commander COMMAND]
commence v.開始;著手;得學士學位 [as COM-, L initiare INITIATE COMMENCEMENT 開始;學士學位授與(日)]
commensurate a.同量的 [LL commensuratus(COM-, MEASURE)]
commingle v.混合
commiserate v.同情;慰問 [COM-, miserari pity<miser wretched]
commodious a.寬敞的;使用方便的 [F commodieux or<medL commodiosus<L commodus(COMMODE)COMMODITY日用品;商品;必需品]
compact a.簡潔的;緊密的 [L compactum<compacisci compact-(COM-, pacisci covenant): cf PACT]
compatible a.能共處的 [F<medL compatibilis(COMPASSION)compatibility適合性,兩立性;一致;調和]
compendious a.簡明的 [pend=hang]
compendium n.摘要 [<L compendere(COM-, pendere weigh)what is weighed together]
compensate v.償還;補償 [compensare(COM-, pensare frequent of pendere pens- weigh)]
compile v.編輯 [ME<OF compiler or its apparent source, L compilare plunder, plagiarize compilation 編輯;編纂;編纂物]
complacent a.自滿的 [L complacere: COMPLACENCY edL complacentia<L complacere(COM-, placere please)]
complaisant a.殷勤的;彬彬有禮的 [F<complaire(stem complais-)acquiesce to please,<L complacere: COMPLACENCY自滿,自得;自以為是]
complement n.補足物 [ME<L complementum(COMPLETE)]
compliant a.順從的;應允的 [compliable 依從的;屈從的 compliance(對于要求、命令等的)服從,順從;遵守;應允]
complicity n.共謀;串通 [complice(see ACCOMPLICE)+-ITY]
compliment n.稱贊;恭維;祝賀;贈送 [complimenter<It complimento ult<L(COMPLEMENT補足物;補充的)]
comply v.順從;應允 [It complire<Cat complir, Sp cumplir<L complere fill up]
comport v.舉止 [L comportare(COM-, portare carry)]
comprise v.包括 [ME<F, fem pp. of comprendre comprehend]
compromise v.和解;危及 [<LL compromissum neut pp. of compromittere(com-, promittere promise)]
compunction n.後悔;內疚 [<L compungere compunct-(com-, pungere prick刺;受責備)]
compute v.計算;估計 [F computer or L computare(com-, putare reckon)computation n]
concatenate v.連結;連鎖 [LL concatenare(com-, catenare<catena chain)]
concealment n.隱蔽;躲藏;隱匿處
concede v.承認 [F conceder or L concedere concess-(com-, cedere yield)]
conceit n.自滿;獨斷;奇想;巧思 [ME<conceive after deceit(欺騙,謊言), deceive, etc(←→ humility)be full of ~ 非常自負,自命不凡] conceited[自負的,自大的,自滿的;奇想的,幻想的]
conceive v.想象 [<L concipere concept-(com-, capere take)]
concentric a.同中心的 [ME<OF concentrique or medL concentricus(com-, centricus as centre)]
conception n.構思;概念 [ME<OF<L conceptio -onis(concept)]
conch n.貝殼 [L concha shell<Gk kogkhe]
concierge n.看門人;公寓管理人員 [F, prob ult<L conservus fellow slave]
conciliate v.安慰;取悅于 [L conciliare combine, gain(concilium council) conciliation 安撫;獲得(好感等);和解]
concise a.簡明的 [F concis or L concisus pp. of concidere(com-, caedere cut)concision切斷,分離,簡潔,簡明]
conclave n.秘密會議 [<L conclave lockable room(com-, clavis key)]
concoct v.調制;編造 [L concoquere concoct-(com-, coquere cook)concoction 混合;調合物;捏造;企圖]
concordat n.協定;宗派間的協約 [F concordat or L concordatum neut pp. of concordare Concorde 協和式噴射客機]
condemn v.譴責;宣告;命定;征用 [<L condemnare(com-, damnare damn)condemnation 非難,譴責,責難,責備 宣告有罪,判罪]
condemnation n.非難;罪的宣告;非難
condign a.適宜的;應受的 [<L condignus(com-, dignus worthy)]
condiment n.調味品 [<L condimentum<condire pickle 醃汁;醃菜,泡菜;醃成之黃瓜;(a ~)(口語)為難 (尷尬) 之立場,困惑,]窘境, [be in a(sad (sorry, nice, pretty))~ 陷于困難]
condole v.同情;慰問 [LL condolere(com-, dolere suffer)(<L."一起嘆息")condolence 哀悼 condolatory 吊唁的;吊慰的 condole,] [after consolatory etc.]
condone v.寬恕;原諒 [L condonare(com-, donare give)]
conduit n.導管;水管
[ME<OF conduit<medL conductus conduct(<L."共同引導")(文語)(從道德觀點來看的人的)行為,品行 經營,營運,管理;指揮,引導 the ~ of
confiscate v.充公;沒收 [L confiscare(com-, fiscare<fiscus treasury)]
conformity n.相似;一致 [ME<OF conformite or LL conformitas(conform 適合;順從,順應) nonconformity 不適合,不一致;不服]從 [教]
congeal v.凝結 [<L congelare(com-, gelare<gelu frost)]
congenital a.天生的 [L congenitus(com-, genitus pp. of gigno beget)]
conglomeration n.聚集;凝聚 [conglomeratus pp. of conglomerare(com-, glomerare<glomus -eris ball)]
congregate v.聚集 [ME<L congregare(com-, gregare<grex gregis flock)]
congruence n.適合;全等 [ME<L congruentia(congruent符合的;一致;調和)congruity一致]
conifer n.針葉樹;松柏科植 [L(cone, -ferous)]
conjecture n.推測;猜想 [L conjectura<conjicere(com-, jacere throw) conjectural 推測的,好推測的]
conjure v.懇求; 耍魔術 [<L conjurare band together by oath(com-, jurare swear)]
conjurer n.魔術師;極聰明的人 [conjure(<L."一起發誓")念咒語召<靈魂>耍魔術(自)取出(out of)]
connivance n.縱容;默許 [CONNIVE假裝不見<L connivere shut the eyes(to)]
connoisseur n.鑒定家;行家 [<pres stem of conna re know+-eur -or: cf reconnoiter 偵察,勘查,勘測;觀察,探究]
connotation n.涵意;暗示 [CONNOTATIVE含蓄的;有涵義的暗示 (別的意思) 的,含有言外之意的(of)]
consanguinity n.血緣;親族 [SANGUINE 血紅色的;充滿希望的 consanguineous 血親的,血緣的,同族的]
conscientious a.正直的 [<medL conscientiosus(conscience良心;責任心)]
consecrate v.奉為神聖;獻身 [ME<L consecrare(com-, secrare = sacrare dedicate<sacer sacred)]
consensus n.一致 [L, = agreement]
consentaneous a.一致的;全場一致的
consign v.移交 [ME<F consigner or L consignare mark with a seal(com-, sign) consignment 交付;寄銷;寄送的貨物]
consistent a.始終如一的 [L consistere(consist組成;存在;一致)]
consort v.n.相伴;結交;配偶;伙伴 [earlier form of concert]
conspicuous a.引人注目的 [L conspicuus(conspectus)]
conspire v.陰謀;密謀 [ME<OF conspirer<L conspirare agree, plot(com-, spirare breathe)conspiracy(結黨)陰謀,共謀<企圖的>]陰謀
consternation n.驚愕;驚恐 [F consternation or L consternatio(consternate使驚愕)]
construe v.詮釋;翻譯 [ME<L construere construct misconstrue曲解;誤解]
consummate a.完全的 [L consummare(com-, summare complete<summus utmost)consummation 完成;極致;完婚,圓房]
contaminate v.弄髒;污染 [L contaminare(com-, tamen- rel to tangere touch)]
contemn v.輕侮;蔑視 [ME<OF contemner or L contemnere(com-, temnere tempt- despise)]
contemplate v.凝視;沉思 [L contemplari(com-, templum place for observations)]
contentious a.好爭吵的 [ME<OF contentieux<L contentiosus(contention爭論;辯論) (contend奮斗;競爭)]
contiguous a.接觸的;鄰近的 [COM-, tangere touch]
continence n.自律;節欲 [continent大陸;自制的,禁欲的]
contingent a.可能發生的 [COM-, tangere touch contingency偶然性;意外事故]
contortions n.扭歪;彎曲 [COM-, torquere twist; contort扭,扭歪,曲解]
contraband n.非法交易;走私 [Sp contrabanda<It(CONTRA-, bando proclamation 宣布,布告,發布 宣言,聲明書,宣告書]
contract n.契約;婚約;收縮;皺眉
[<L contractus(COM-, trahere tract- draw)~ a marriage(with …)(與)締結婚姻 ~ one’s eyebrows (forehead) 皺眉 (額頭)
contravene v.違反;抵觸 [CONTRA-, venire vent- come]
contrite a.悔悟的 [COM-, terere trit- rub]
controvert v.否定;否認 [<L controversus(CONTRA-, vertere vers- turn)controversy論爭,辯論(尤指報章上的)論戰]
contumacious a.不聽命令的 [L contumax, perh rel to tumere swell]
contumely n.傲慢;侮辱 [ME<OF contumelie<L contumelia(COM-, tumere swell)]
contusion n.打傷;撞傷 [L contundere contus-(COM-, tundere thump)contuse v]
conundrum n.含恢諧、雙關之意的謎語 [如]
convalesce v.漸漸恢複;痊愈 [(<L."變強")ME<L convalescere(COM-, valere be well)convalescence 漸愈;恢複期]
convene v.召開;開會 [ME<L convenire convent- assemble, agree, fit(COM-, venire come)]
conventional a.傳統的;習俗的 [F conventionnel or LL conventionalis(CONVENTION大會;協定;慣例)]
conversant a.精通的 [ME<OF, pres part of converser CONVERSE交談;相反的]
convert v.改變;變更 [<L convertere convers- turn about(COM-, vertere turn)]
conveyance n.運輸;交通工具 [convey(<L."同(走)路")<人、運輸工具等>載運<乘客>,搬運<貨物>~ passengers 載運乘客 conveyable] [可搬運 (傳達,轉讓) 的]
convict v.証明;宣判有罪
[ME<L convincere convict-(COM-, vincere conquer): noun<obs convict convicted conviction (陪審員)有 罪判決, 定罪;確信
convivial a.快樂的;歡樂的 [L convivialis<convivium feast(COM-, vivere live)]
convoke v.召集 [L convocare convocat-(COM-, vocare call)convocation召集,集會]
convoluted a.旋繞的;回旋狀的 [<L convolutus(COM-, volvere volut- roll)]
convoy v.護送 [OF convoyer var of conveier CONVEY傳達;運輸;轉移]
convulse v.使震動 [(<L."撕裂") COM-, vellere pull The island was ~d by the eruption convulsant 引進痙攣的;抽搐的;驚]厥[劑] convulsion 震動;動亂;抽筋
coop v.拘禁 [ME cupe basket<MDu, MLG kupe, ult<L cupa cask]
copious a.很多的;豐富的 [<L copiosus<copia plenty]
coquette n.賣弄風情之女子;狐狸精 [F, fem of coquet wanton, dimin of coq cock 公雞,雄雞(英俚)伙伴,老大(幹草等堆成的)圓錐形小山→] [haycock coquetry 女子玩弄男人;賣弄風騷]
cordon n.警戒線 [It cordone augmentative of corda CORD, & F cordon(CORD)]
cornice n.飛簷 [<L cornix -icis crow 啼叫;烏鴉]
corporeal a.肉體的;物質的 [<L corporeus<corpus -oris body]
corpulent a.肥胖的 [<L corpulentus<corpus body]
corpus n.全集;全部資料 [corpse尸體]
corroborate v.確定 [corroborant 確証的,健身藥, roborant 強壯劑 corroboration 証實,支持,証據]
corrosive a.腐蝕的 [ME<OF corosif -ive(CORRODE腐蝕;破壞)]
cortege n.行列 [cortex(植物)表皮層皮質,外皮]
coruscate v.閃爍;煥發 [L coruscare glitter閃爍]
cosmetologist n.美容專家;美容師 [cosmeto-logist COSMETIC 化妝品;裝飾性的<kosmeo adorn <kosmos order, adornment]
cosmic a.宇宙的;廣大無邊的 [cosm宇宙+ic;COSMOS宇宙 cosmopolis國際都市]
costume n.服裝;劇裝 [<custom,按照習俗要求穿的服裝]
coterie n.(由共同興趣組成)小團體 [COTE小屋,籠+rie cottage小屋 cotenant_]
Unit 9
coterminous a.毗連的;有共同邊界的 [也寫作contermious, con+term邊界,結束;terminate結束]
couch n.床;睡椅;麥牙糖 [var of QUITCH =quitch grass 茅草]
counterfeit a.n.v.假冒的;偽作;騙子 [E<OF countrefet, -fait, pp. of contrefaire]
countermand v.撤回;取消 [ME<OF contremander<medL contramandare(CONTRA-, mandare order)]
counterpart n.相對物;極相似之物 [counterpane(裝飾用的)床罩,床單 counterpiston 逆活塞]
coupling n.聯結;聯合體
covenant n.契約;盟約 [ME<OF, pres part of co(n)venir, formed as CONVENE召集;集合]
covert a.暗地的;隱藏的 [ME<OF covert pp. of covrir COVER]
covetous a.貪婪的 [ME<OF coveitous<Gallo-Roman be ~ of another person’s property 貪圖他人財產]
cower v.畏縮;退縮 [ME<MLG kuren lie in wait COW 恐嚇;威脅]
coxcomb n.紈褲子弟;花花公子
[雞冠花(cockscomb)= cock’s comb(see COCK), orig(a cap worn by)a jester(尤指中世紀王侯、貴族所豢 養的)小醜,弄臣
coy a.害羞的 [ME<OF coi, quei<L quietus QUIET]
cozen v.欺騙 [16th-c perh rel to COUSIN 堂兄弟(姊妹) cozen a person of (out of) something=~ something of (out of) a] [person 騙取某人的某物 cozenage 欺騙,哄騙]
cozy a.溫暖而舒適的 [同COSY a ~ little restaurant 舒適雅致的小餐廳 cozy up to a person(美口語)博取<某人>的歡心, 好]<[某人>]
crabbed a.乖戾的;暴躁的 [ME<CRAB, assoc with CRAB 蟹]
cracker n.爆竹,摔爆;一種裝有糖果
cram v.填塞;倉促用功 [OE crammian<Gmc cramming adj]
cranky a.胡思亂想的;發瘋的 [perh<obs crank rogue feigning sickness CRANK 曲柄;彎曲,虛浮的委婉話]
crass a.粗魯的;愚蠢的 [L crassus solid, thick]
craven a.懦弱的 [<L crepare burst;assim to -EN]
crease n.v.皺痕;(使)起皺痕
credence n.相信 [<medL credentia<credere believe]
credo n.信條 [ME<L, = I believe]
credulity n.輕信;易信 [L credulus<credere believe]
creed n.教義;信條 [OE creda<L CREDO]
creek n.小灣;小溪 [<MDu kreke(or<crike by lengthening)]
crepuscular a.在晨曦時刻活動的 [L crepusculum twilight(日出前的)微明,曉光;曙光;(較常指日落後的)黃昏,薄暮]
crestfallen a.垂頭喪氣的 [CREST雞冠+FALLEN]
crevice n.裂縫;破口 [ME<OF crevace<crever burst<L crepare]
cringe n.v.畏縮;奉承 [ME crenge, crenche, OE cringan, crincan: CRANK脾氣暴躁的 cringing 諂媚的;奉承的]
cripple n.跛子;殘廢的 [OE crypel, rel to CREEP 爬行,匍匐]
crisp a.脆的;活潑的 [OE<L crispus curled卷曲]
criterion n.標准;定規 [Gk kriterion means of judging(cf CRITIC)]
crooked a.有鉤的;彎曲的;秘密造的 [ME<CROOK, prob after ON kr*k*ttr crook屈曲,彎曲部;曲柄拐杖]
cross a.不高興的 [OE cros<ON kross<OIr cros<L crux cruc-]
crotchety a.思想奇怪的;怪僻的 [CROTCHET奇想;反複無常+-Y]
crude a.未提煉的;生的;粗野 [ME<L crudus raw, rough crudity 未成熟;生硬;粗雜;粗糙粗野的行為 (言辭)]
crumble v.粉碎;崩潰;滅亡 [ME<OE, formed as CRUMB;The old wall is crumbling away at the edges 那道古牆的邊緣逐漸崩塌]
crunch v.嘎扎嘎扎的咬嚼;壓碎
[同scrunch earlier cranch, assim to munch用力嚼 A dog was ~ing on a bone 一只狗在咯吱咯吱地 啃 著骨頭
crusade n.十字軍;聖戰;改革運動
[earlier croisade(F<croix cross)or crusado(Sp<cruz cross)crusader 十字軍戰士 改革運動者 crusado(鑄有 十字架之)葡萄牙古金幣或銀幣
crux n.緊要關頭;要點 [L, = cross(<L."十字形")the ~ of a problem 問題的核心 cruzeiro 巴西的貨幣單位(相當于美金 5.4 cents] [(1965))]
cryogenic a.低溫的;低溫學的
[cryogen (化學)致冷劑;冷凍劑 cryo- (用于複合字中) 表"冰冷,嚴寒"之義,如: cryometer低溫計 (內裝 酒精,而非水銀)
cryptic a.神秘的;隱藏的 [LL crypticus<Gk kruptikos(CRYPTO-)]
cryptogram n.密碼 [cryptogrammic 亦作cryptogammatic 密碼的;暗號的;似密碼或暗號的 crypto (複合用詞)表示"隱的,秘密的"]
cuddle v.撫愛地懷抱;貼著身睡 [16th c: perh<dial couth snug舒適的]
cuisine n.烹調;烹飪法 [F<L coquina<coquere to cook]
culinary a.廚房的;烹調的 [L culinarius<culina kitchen]
cull v.揀選;剔除 [ME<OF coillier etc ult<L colligere COLLECT]
culmination n.頂點;最高潮
[the ~ of one’s ambition 某人雄心 (抱負) 的極致 2(天文)通過子午線,中天 culminate 到達最高點 ( 極點,絕頂) ;達到最高潮 (極盛)
culpable a.該受譴責的 [<L culpabilis<culpare<culpa blame]
cultivate v.耕種 [medL cultivare<cultiva(terra)arable(land)(CULT)]
cultivating n.力求與人交往
cupidity n.貪婪 [ME<OF cupidite or L cupiditas<cupidus desirous]
curb n.馬勒;控制 [ME<OF courber<L curvare bend, CURVE曲線;彎曲]
curmudgeon n.守財奴 [curly 鬈發的;卷曲的;卷縮的 curr(鴿、貓等)發咕咕聲;發嗚嗚聲 currant 小粒的無子葡萄幹]
curry v.制革;曲意逢迎 [ME<OF correier ult<Gmc]
cursive a.草體的 [medL(scriptura)cursiva<L currere curs- run]
cursory a.匆促的;粗略的 [L cursorius of a runner(CURSOR計算尺游標)]
curtail v.縮短;縮減 [<F courtault<court short<L curtus: assim to tail]
cushion n.墊子;後腿肉;緩解 [<L mattress, 拉丁"腰,臀"a ~ against inflation 緩解通貨膨脹的政策 The grass ~ed his fall 草坪緩和了他墜落時的撞積 pincushion(裁縫用)針墊
custody n.監護;保管 [L custodia<custos -odis guardian custodian管理人;看守人, after guardian]
cute a.聰明的;可愛的 [shortening of ACUTE敏銳的]
cyclopean a.巨大的 [獨眼巨人 Cyclops(似)的;cyclopia(醫)獨眼畸形]
cynic n.憤世嫉俗;不信人間真情 [L cynicus<Gk kunikos<kuon kunos dog, nickname for a Cynic CYNICAL不相信人間有真情的 cynicism] [憤世嫉俗,譏嘲的習癖]
cynosure n.眾人注目之的
[<Gk kunosoura dog’s tail, Ursa Minor<kuon kunos dog+oura tail cynosural 引人注意的 cynocephalous 似狗頭的;似犬面的
cytology n.細胞學 [cyto-, cyt- 表"細胞"之義 cytologist 細胞學家 cytokinesis (細胞分裂時之) 細胞漿移動;原漿移動] [cytochrome 細胞色素 cytogenous 細胞合成的]
dabble v.涉足;淺賞 [16th c:<Du dabbelen or DAB (用)輕敲,輕撫,輕按,輕敷,輕撲(with)(又作 dab hand)(英口語)好手;高手],[ 專家(at)
dainty a.優美的;講究的;好吃的 [AF dainte, OF daintie, deintie<L dignitas -tatis<dignus worthy]
dais n.講台 [ME<OF deis<L discus disc, dish, in medL = table]
dally v.嬉戲;玩弄 [ME<OF dalier chat dalliance戲弄;荒唐度日]
dampen v.弄濕;使消沉;挫銳氣
dandy n.好時髦的人;好打扮的 [18th c: perh orig = Andrew, in Jack-a-dandy dandified打扮得華麗的]
dangle v.懸擺 [16th c(imit): cf Sw dangla, Da dangle TANTALIZE逗弄]
dank a.陰濕的 [ME prob<Scand: cf Sw dank marshy spot]
dapple v.使起斑紋 [ME dappled, dappeld,(adj) dappled斑紋的,花的]
daredevil n.挺而走險的人;膽大的 [DARE大膽+DEVIL鬼]
dart v.投擲 [ME<OF darz, dars,<Frank]
dashing a.勇敢的;有活力的;華麗的 [DASH急衝;突進]
dastard n.懦夫 [dastardly 懦弱的;卑鄙的 das’tardliness(慣用法)dastardly 的狹義用法指懦弱的行為,廣義用法指可]鄙 [行為]
daubster n.笨畫匠 [(<L."塗石灰塗料")wattle and daub 拙劣的畫 wattle 編枝條工藝 澳洲相思樹]
daunt v.恐嚇;使失去勇氣 [ME<AF daunter, OF danter, donter<L domitare frequent of domare tame(undaunted不畏懼的)]
dauntless a.無所謂的;大膽的
dawdle v.怠惰;閒蕩;浪費光陰 [perh rel to dial daddle, doddle idle a<人>沒有工作的,不在工作的,閒散的 <時間>空的,閒著的 , dally] [浪費<時間>,蹉跎<時光>~ away the time 浪費時]
deadlock n.停頓;停滯 [DEAD+LOCK]
dearth n.缺乏;少 [ME, formed as DEAR]
debacle n.崩潰;瓦解 [(<F "開閂")]
debase v.貶低;降格 [DE-+obs base for ABASE]
debauch v.使墮落 [de+bauch(大梁BEAM)debauchery放蕩,游蕩;酒色]
debenture n.債券 [ME<L debentur are owing<debere owe: assim to -URE]
debilitate v.使衰弱;使虛弱 [L debilitare(DEBILITY)]
debonair a.和藹的;快樂的 [ME<OF debonaire = de bon aire of good disposition]
debutante n.初入社交界的少女 [(進入社交界) DEBUT 初在舞台(社交界);初次登台 make one’s ~ 初次登台]
decadence n.衰弱;頹廢 [F decadence<medL decadentia<decadere DECAY decadent衰退的,頹廢派的;頹廢派的藝術家]
decalogue n.十戒 [Decalogue deca十+logos 命令]
decamp v.撒營;逃走;逃亡 [F decamper(DE-, CAMP)]
decant v.慢慢倒出 [medL decanthare(DE-, L canthus<Gk kanthos canthus, used of the lip of a beaker)]
deceit n.欺;詐欺;虛偽;奸詐 [ME<OF<pp. of deceveir<L decipere deceive(DE-, capere take) DECEPTION.詐欺,瞞騙,迷惑,騙人的東西]
deciduous a.落葉性的 [L deciduus<decidere<cadere fall]
decimate v.毀掉大部分;由十中選一 [L decimare take the tenth man<decimus tenth]
decipher v.翻譯;辨讀;翻譯密碼
decompose v.分解(成分);腐爛 [F decomposer(DE-, COMPOSE)decomposition n]
decorum n.端正;禮貌合宜;禮節 [L, neut of decorus seemly DECORATION裝飾;美化 DECOROUS符合禮節的;相稱的]
decoy n.引誘物;誘餌 [<Du de kooi the decoy<de THE+kooi<L cavea cage]
decree n.v.法令;布告;判決 [ME<OF decre<L decretum neut pp. of decernere decide(DE-, cernere sift)]
decrepit a.衰老的;破舊的 [ME<L decrepitus(DE-, crepitus pp. of crepare creak)decrepitude衰老,老耄,老朽]
decry v.責難;輕視 [after F decrier: cf cry down]
dedicate v.奉獻 [L dedicare(DE-, dicare declare, dedicate)]
deducible a.可推知的 [deduce(<L."往下引導")(從)演繹<結論、真理等>;推斷,推測,推論(→ infer)L deducere (as DE-, ducere] [duct- lead)]
deed n.行為;契據;立契出讓 [a ~ of covenant(經簽名蓋章的)條款,契據]
deem v.認為;視為 [OE deman<Gmc, rel to DOOM(常指壞的)命運;劫數;毀滅,死亡(上帝所下的)最後審判 注定()(to) ~ed to] [oblivion 注定被遺忘]
deface v.傷毀(外表或美觀) [ME<F defacer<OF desfacier(DE-, FACE)]
defalcate v.盜用公款 [medL defalcare lop(DE-, L falx -cis sickle)]
defamation n.誹謗;中傷 [DEFAME ME<OF diffamer etc<L diffamare spread evil report(DIS-, fama report)]
default n.不履行責任;缺席 [ME<OF defaut(e)<defaillir fail<Rmc(DE-, L fallere deceive): cf FA]
defeatist a.失敗主義者的 [defeatism 失敗主義;失敗主義的行動]
defect n.缺點;缺乏;背叛;脫離 [L defectus<deficere desert, fail(DE-, facere do) defection背離;背叛;脫黨]
deference n.服從;尊重 [F deference(DEFER)]
defiant a.大膽反抗的;傲慢的 [a ~ stare 挑釁的瞪視]
defile v.弄髒;褻瀆 [F defiler and defile pp.(DE-, FILE 銼刀;銼子 (the ~)修整,銼光;(對文章等的)潤飾(縱)列]
definition n.定義;鮮明度;精確度 [E<OF<L definitio(DEFINE)]
deflate v.放氣;通貨緊縮
[DE-+INFLATE(<L."吹入")(以空氣、氣體等)使鼓起(經濟)使<物價等>上漲;使<通貨>膨脹 deflated 灰心喪氣的
deflect v.使偏斜;使轉向 [L deflectere(DE-, flectere flex- bend)deflection歪斜,偏;偏向]
defraud v.欺詐 [ME<OF defrauder or L defraudare(DE-, FRAUD 詐欺,欺騙 騙子 騙人的東西;偽品]
defunct a.死亡的;已倒閉的 [L defunctus dead, pp. of defungi(DE-, fungi perform)]
degenerate v.退步;衰敗 [L degeneratus pp. of degenerare(DE-, genus -eris race)]
degrade v.降級;使墮落;使退化 [ME<OF degrader<ecclL degradare(DE-, L gradus step)degraded adj]
deign v.屈尊;俯允 [ME<OF degnier, deigner, daigner<L dignare, -ari deem worthy<dignus worthy]
deist n.奉自然神教者;理神論者 [<theos god DEISM (神)自然神教]
dejected a.沮喪的,灰心的
delegate n.代表;委派;委任 [ME<L delegatus(DE-, legare depute)]
deleterious a.有害的 [medL deleterius<Gk deleterios noxious delete刪除]
deliberate a.深思熟慮的;故意的 [deliberatus pp. of deliberare(DE-, librare weigh<libra balance)]
delinquent a.n.怠忽職務的;流氓 [de+linqu同LINGER閒蕩)DELICT犯罪 delinquency過失;失職]
delusion n.謬見;幻想 [ME<LL delusio(DELUDE)]
delve v.探究;查考;掘;凹下 [OE delfan<WG]
demagogue n.群眾煽動家 [Gk demagogos<demos the people+agogos leading]
demean v.貶抑 [de+MEAN(<中OE "普通的")卑鄙的,下流的]
demeanor n.行為;風度 [misdemeanor 輕罪]
demesne n.領域;私有土地 [ME<AF, OF demeine(later AF demesne)belonging to a lord<L dominicus(DOMINICAL主的;基督的)]
demise n.死亡 [AF use of pp. of OF de(s)mettre DISMISS, in refl abdicate]
demolish v.破壞;粉碎;推翻(制度等) [F demolir<L demoliri(DE-, moliri molit- construct<moles mass)]
demotic a.民眾的;通俗的 [Gk demotikos<demotes one of the people(demos)]
demur v.猶豫;抗議 [ME<OF demeure(n), demeurer(v)<Rmc(DE-, L morari delay)]
demure a.嚴肅的;端莊的 [ME, perh<AF demure<OF demore pp. of demorer remain, stay(DEMUR): infl by OF me <L maturus ripe]<[ 水果、谷物>成熟的 爛熟的;圓熟的
denigrate v.塗黑;玷辱 [L denigrare(DE-, nigrare<niger black)]
denizen n.居民;入籍者 [<L de from+intus within+-ein<L -aneus: -ANEOUS]
denomination n.名稱 [E<OF denomination or L denominatio(DENOMINATE 命名,取名.a.有特定之名稱的)]
denotation n.(明示的)意義;指示 [(反)connotation (常 ~s)言外之意,含蓄,暗示,涵義(邏輯)內涵]
denouement n.結局;終場 [DE-, L nodare<nodus KNOT結]
denounce v.攻擊;揭發;通知廢止 [ME<OF denoncier<L denuntiare(DE-, nuntiare make known<nuntius messenger)]
depict v.描述;敘述 [L depingere depict-(DE-, pingere paint)]
depilate v.去...之毛發 [L depilare(DE-, pilare<pilus hair)]
deplete v.使空虛;用盡 [L deplere(DE-, plere plet- fill)depletion n]
deplorable a.不幸的;可嘆的
Unit 10
deploy v.散開;布置 [F deployer<L displicare(DIS-, plicare fold)& LL deplicare explain]
deposition n.証言;口供 [ME<OF<L depositio -onis<deponere: DEPOSIT存放;堆積;存款]
depravity n.腐敗;邪惡 [DE-+obs pravity<L pravitas(DEPRAVE使腐敗)]
deprecate v.駁斥;反對;乞求免去 [L deprecari(DE-, precari pray)]
depreciate v.跌價 [LL depretiare(DE-, pretiare<pretium price)]
depredation n.搶奪 [F depredation<LL depraedatio(DE-, praedatio -onis<L praedari plunder 掠奪,搶劫<人、地方等>~ a village] [搶劫村莊]
deracinate v.根除;滅絕;使隔絕 [DE-, racine <LL radicina dimin. of radix root)]
deranged a.瘋狂的 [de+RANGE排列 DERANGEMENT精神錯亂 derange 擾亂;使狂;使發狂]
derelict a.被棄的 [L derelictus pp. of derelinquere(DE-, relinquere=RELINGUISH放棄)]
deride v.嘲笑 [L deridere(DE-, ridere ris- laugh)derision嘲笑;愚弄]
dermatologist n.皮膚(病)學家 [s DERMATITIS+-LOGY]
derogatory a.貶抑的 [LL derogatorius DEROGATE v貶抑;毀損]
descant v.詳論;絮說 [ME<OF deschant<medL discantus(DIS-, cantus song, CHANT)]
descend v.降;下來;減少;降低 [ME<OF descendre<L descendere(DE-, scandere climb)descendant子孫,後裔]
descry v.發現;遠遠看到 [<OF descrier: prob confused with var of obs descrive<OF descrivre DESCRIBE]
desecrate v.褻瀆;弄污 [DE-+CONSECRATE奉獻]
desiccate v.使幹 [L desiccare(DE-, siccus dry)a ~d skin 幹燥的皮膚 desiccator 2(化學)保幹器,幹燥器,防潮器]
desideratum n.所願望之物 [L neut pp.: DESIDERATE渴望,希求 DE-, siderare as in CONSIDER]
desirable a.希望的;願望的 [ME<OF(DESIRE)desirous願望的,渴望的 undesirable不符心願的;不良好的 The police had many] [requests to run the ~s out of town]
desolate a.v.荒蕪的;孤獨的;不安的 [ME<L desolatus pp. of desolare(DE-, solare<solus alone)]
despatch v.派遣;發送;調遣 [同dispatch(<意大利語"快走")急派<軍隊、特使等>(往),(處理等的)迅速;迅速的處理 with ~ 迅速地],[ 快速地,敏捷地
despicable a.可鄙的;卑劣的 [LL despicabilis<despicari(DE-, specere look at)]
despise v.輕視;蔑視 [<L despicere(DE-, specere look at)]
despoil v.奪取;搶劫 [ME<OF despoill(i)er<L despoliare(DE-, spoliare SPOIL戰利品;獎品)]
despotic a.專制的
[(despot 的形容詞)despot(<G."主人")專制君主,獨裁者;暴君 despotic monarch 絕對君主 despotism 專制,專制政治;獨裁制,暴政
despotism n.專制;暴政 [despotic adj]
destine v.指定;命運注定 [ME<F destiner<L destinare(DE-, stanare(unrecorded)settle<stare stand)]
destitute a.極端窮困的 [ME<L destitutus pp. of destituere forsake(DE-, statuere place)]
destruction n.破壞;滅亡;毀滅 [E<OF<L destructio -onis(DESTROY)]
desuetude n.廢止;不用 [DE-, suescere suet- be accustomed]
desultory a.散漫的;隨便的 [DE-, salt- pp. stem of salire leap跳躍]
detachment n.分離;分遣;分遣隊;超然 [detachement DETACH 分離 detached分離的;公平的]
deter v.阻止;攔住 [L deterrere(DE-, terrere frighten)deterrent 防止,挽留;妨礙物 determent 制止(物)]
detergent n.清潔劑 [L detergere(DE-, tergere ters- wipe擦拭)]
deteriorate v.變化;惡化 [LL deteriorare deteriorat-<L deterior worse]
detour n.繞路;便道;繞路而行 [F detour change of direction<detourner turn away(DE-, TURN)]
detraction n.誹謗 [de+tract拉+ion detractor貶低者 DETRACT 去掉;損傷,損壞;轉移注意;責難]
devastate v.使荒廢;破壞 [L devastare devastat-(DE-, vastare lay waste)]
deviate v.逸出正軌;違背
[LL deviare deviat-(DE-, via way) deviant a.越軌的;反常的n.異常者,變態者 deviance 異常;逸出正軌; 偏差
devious a.不正當的;迂回 [L devius<DE-+via way]
devoid a.缺乏的 [ME, pp. of obs devoid<OF devoidier(DE-, VOID 毫無()的;缺少()的(of) a ~ space 空間;(物理)真空]
devolve v.委任;移交 [ME<L devolvere devolut-(DE-, volvere roll)]
devotion n.獻身;專心熱愛;祈禱 [ME<OF devotion or L devotio(DEVOTE)]
devour v.吃光;毀滅;吞沒;使著迷 [ME<OF devorer<L devorare(DE-, vorare swallow)]
devout a.虔敬的 [ME<OF devot<L devotus pp.(DEVOTE)]
dexterity n.靈巧;機敏;用慣右手的人 [F dexterite<L dexteritas(DEXTER)dexterous adj]
diabolical a.殘酷的 [diabolic 惡魔(一樣)的,魔鬼性格的 diabolatry 魔鬼崇拜]
diadem n.王冠;王位 [ME<OF diademe<L diadema<Gk diadema(DIA-, deo bind)]
dialectic n.辯証法;邏輯 [<Gk dialektike(tekhne)(art)of debate(DIALECT方言)]
diaphanous a.透明的;澄清的 [medL diaphanus<Gk diaphanes(DIA-, phaino show)PHANTOM幽靈;幻影]
diatribe n.惡罵;非難 [<L diatriba<Gk diatribe spending of time, discourse<diatribo(DIA-, tribo rub)]
dichotomy n.兩半;二分法;對生 [modL dichotomia<Gk dikhotomia<dikho- apart+-TOMY]
dictate v.聽寫;口述;命令;指揮 [L dictare dictat- frequent of dicere dict- say dictator n]
dictum n.格言;權威的斷言 [L, = neut pp. of dicere say]
didactic a.教誨的;教訓的 [Gk didaktikos<didasko teach DID-ACT-IC]
diffidence n.羞怯;謙虛 [(反)confidence 信任,信賴(in)自信(in)]
diffuse v.擴散;普及;散開 [ME<F diffus or L diffusus extensive(DIS-, fusus pp. of fundere pour)diffusion n]
digression n.離題;扯到枝節上;脫軌 [L digredi digress-(DI-, gradi walk)digress v.走向岔道, 離開本題(主題), 扯到枝節上]
dilapidation n.倒塌;毀壞 [ME<LL dilapidatio(DILAPIDATE 使<建築物>荒廢,使<汽車等>毀壞 變為荒廢,變破舊 DI-, lapis] [lapid- stone]
dilate v.擴大;膨脹 [ME<OF dilater<L dilatare spread out(DI-, latus wide)]
dilatory a.不慌不忙的 [LL dilatorius(DI-, dilat- pp. stem of differre DEFER)<DELAY耽擱]
dilemma n.左右為難的狀況 [L<Gk(DI-, lemma premiss)]
dilettante n.業余的藝術愛好者 [It<pres part of dilettare delight<L delectare]
dilute v.稀釋;衝淡 [L diluere dilut-(DI-, luere wash)]
diluvial a.洪水的 [LL diluvialis<diluvium DELUGE(<L."衝走")大水災,洪水,泛濫;豪雨]
diminution n.減少;變小 [ME<OF<L diminutio - onis(DIMINISH)]
din n.噪聲;鬧音 [OE dyne, dynn, dynian<Gmc]
dingy a.昏暗的;骯髒的 [perh ult<OE dynge DUNG(牛、馬等的)糞便;水肥]
dint n.力量 [ME<OE dynt, and partly<cogn ON dyntr]
dipsomaniac n.酗酒狂之人 [k dipso-<dipsa thirst+-MANIA]
dire a.可怕的;悲慘的 [L dirus =direful 可怕的;悲慘的]
dirge n.喪曲;挽歌 [ME<L dirige(imper)direct, the first word in the Latin antiphon(from Ps 5:8)in the Matins part of the Office for] [the Dead]
disabuse v.解惑;矯正
disagreeable a.討厭的事 [E<OF desagreable(DIS-, AGREEABLE令人愉快的;宜人的,和藹可親的,悅人的,討人喜歡]
disarray v.雜亂
disastrous a.災害的;悲慘的 [orig ’unfavourable aspect of a star’,<F desastre or It disastro(DIS-, astro<L astrum star)disaster n]
discernible a.可辨別的 [ME<OF discerner<L(DIS-, cernere cret- separate)discernment 眼光;洞察力 discern 分別,識別;找出; 識],[領悟]
discharge v.發射;免職;放電;卸貨 [ME<OF descharger(DIS-, CHARGE)]
disclaim v.否認;放棄權利 [ME<AF desclaim- stressed stem of desclamer(DIS-, CLAIM)]
discomfit v.挫敗;使混亂
[ME<disconfit<OF pp. of desconfire<Rmc(DIS-, L conficere put together: CONFECTION)discomfiture n 失敗;狼狽
disconcert v.妨礙;破壞;使張惶失措 [obs F desconcerter(DIS-, CONCERT一致)]
disconsolate a.哀傷的 [ME<medL disconsolatus(DIS-, consolatus pp. of L consolari console安慰)]
discordant a.不調和的;不一致的 [ME<OF, part of discorder: DISCORD]
discredit v.喪失名譽
discreet a.慎重的;謹慎的
[<L discretus separate(DIS-, cretus pp. of cernere sift), with LL sense<its derivative discretio discernment 辨別;看清楚
discrete a.各別的;不關連的 [ME<L discretus: DISCREET小心的;慎重的]
discretion n.謹慎;斟酌辦理 [ME<OF<L discretio -onis(DISCREET小心的;慎重的)]
discursive a.散漫的;無層次的 [medL discursivus<L discurrere discurs-(DIS-, currere run)]
disdain v.鄙視;不屑做 [ME<OF desdeign(ier)ult<L dedignari(DE-, dignari<dignus worthy)]
disenfranchise v.剝奪...之公民權 [enfranchise給予<人>參政(選舉)權 解放<奴隸等>,使成為自由民;免除的法律義務]
disgruntle v.使不悅;使不滿 [IS-+gruntle obs frequent of GRUNT<豬>咕嚕<人>哼,喃喃發怨言 ~ in discontent 不滿而發哼聲 give a] [~ of discontent 咕嚕地抱怨]
disguise n.v.偽裝;隱藏;欺騙 [ME<OF desguis(i)er(DIS-, GUISE (in a … ~)(為欺騙人而偽裝的)外 觀,樣子 (in the ~ of) 服裝,裝扮] [(under the ~ of) 假裝;借口]
dishabille n.便裝 [habilatory 服裝的;衣服的 habilimentation 服裝;衣服]
disheveled a.凌亂的;不整潔的
disinclined a.不願的
disingenuous a.不誠懇的;虛偽的 [dis+INGENUOUS (反)innocent]
disinterested a.公正的;無私的 [pp. of disinterest(v)divest of interest]
disjointed a.脫節的;雜亂的 [DIS-, jungere junct- join)]
dislodge v.逐出;使移動;驅逐 [ME<OF dislog(i)er(DIS-, LODGE(<古法語"小屋")(暫時)住宿,投宿]
dismal a.陰暗的 [orig noun = unlucky days: ME<AF dis mal<medL dies mali two days in each month held to be unpropitious]
dismember v.分裂;瓜分 [ME<OF desmembrer<Rmc(DIS-, L membrum limb)]
disparage v.輕視;抑貶 [ME<OF desparagier marry unequally(DIS-, parage equality of rank ult<L par equal)]
disparate a.不相幹的 [L disparatus separated(DIS-, paratus pp. of parare prepare), infl in sense by L dispar unequal]
disparity n.不同;懸殊 [F disparite<LL disparitas -tatis(DIS-, PARITY(量、質、價值等)同等,等價,等量,同率,平等 ~ of treatment] [同等待遇]
dispassionate a.冷靜的;公平的
dispersion n.散布;分散 [ME<LL dispersio(DISPERSE), transl Gk diaspora: DIASPORA 猶太人的離散;離散的猶太人]
dispirited a.沮喪的;無精打採的
disport v.嬉戲;玩樂 [ME<AF & OF desporter(DIS-, porter carry<L portare)]
disposed a.願意;想幹
disposition n.性質;氣質;整理;讓與 [E<OF<L dispositio(DIS-, ponere posit- place)]
dispossessed a.被剝奪財產的
disputatious a.好議論的 [disputant adj&n爭論者;爭論的]
disquisition n.論文;專題演講 [F<L disquisitio(DIS-, quaerere quaesit- seek)]
disreputable a.名譽不好的
dissection n.分析;解剖
dissemble v.隱藏;假裝 [ME, alt after semblance of obs dissimule<OF dissimuler<L dissimulare(DIS-, SIMULATE 假裝的樣子],[ 偽裝(生物)擬態
disseminate v.散布;傳播 [L disseminare(DIS-, semen -inis seed)]
dissension n.衝突;紛爭 [ME<OF<L dissensio(DIS-, sentire sens- feel)]
dissertation n.論文 [L dissertatio<dissertare discuss, frequent of disserere dissert- examine(DIS-, serere join)]
dissident a.不贊成者 [F or<L dissidere disagree(DIS-, sedere sit)]
dissimulate v.假裝;掩飾 [L dissimulare(DIS-, SIMULATE假裝的樣子,偽裝;擬態]
dissipate v.浪費 [L dissipare dissipat-(DIS-, sipare(unrecorded)throw)dissipated 沉迷于酒色的;閒游浪蕩的]
dissolute a.放蕩的;不道德的 [ME<L dissolutus pp. of dissolvere DISSOLVE溶解;解散]
dissonance n.不和諧(音) [ME<OF dissonant or L dissonare(DIS-, sonare sound)]
dissuade v.勸阻;阻止 [L dissuadere(DIS-, suadere suas- persuade)]
distaff n.女性;婦女 [OE dist’f(STAFF), the first element being app rel to LG diesse, MLG dise(ne)bunch of flax]
distend v.擴張;膨脹 [ME<L distendere(DIS-, tendere tens- stretch)distension 膨脹]
distill v.蒸餾;滴下
distinction n.差別;特性;高貴;名譽 [E<OF<L distinctio -onis(DISTINGUISH)]
distort v.扭曲;變成 [L distorquere distort-(DIS-, torquere twist)]
distrait a.心不在焉的 [ME<OF destrait pp. of destraire(DISTRACT轉移;分心)]
distraught a.心神分散的 [ME, alt of obs distract(adj)(DISTRACT), after straught obs pp. of STRETCH伸展;張開;一口氣]
distress n.苦惱;貧苦;扣押 [ME<OF destresse etc, AF destresser, OF -ecier<Gallo-Roman(DISTRAIN扣押 ~ upon a person’s goods for] [rent 扣押某人的貨物抵 償租金]
disturbance n.騷動 [E<OF destorbance(DISTURB)]
diurnal a.每日的;晝間的 [ME<LL diurnalis<L diurnus<dies day]
diva n.歌劇中的首席女主角 [It<L, = goddess]
diverge v.分歧;差異 [medL divergere(DI-, L vergere incline)divergence,-cy n]
divers a.不同的;種種的 [ME<OF<L diversus DIVERSE(DI-, versus pp. of vertere turn)]
diverse a.不同的;互異的;種種的 [ME(DIVERS)diversity]
divertissement n.消遣;娛樂 [F,<divertiss- stem of divertir(<F ’diversion’)娛樂,消遣 DIVERT轉移]
divest v.脫去;剝除 [earlier devest<OF desvestir etc(DIS-, L vestire<vestis garment)divestment=divestiture剝奪]
dividend n.被除數;利息;紅利 [AF dividende<L dividendum a high (low) ~ 高額 (低額) 股息(DIVIDE(<L."分離")把<東西>(切割而])[分],分割<up> 除以<某數>(by)
divination n.預言;先知 [ME<OF divination or L divinatio(DIVINE神的;神聖的)]
docile a.聽話的;溫順的 [ME<L docilis<docere teach]
dock n.船塢;碼頭;被告席;裁減 [ME, of uncert orig]
docket n.訴訟事件表 [docker 碼頭工人,船塢工人 (longshoreman)]
dodge v.躲開;逃避責任 [~ a blow 迅速閃避打擊 ~ one’s responsibility 逃避責任]
doff v.脫;除去 [ME, = do off]
doggerel n.拙劣的詩;打油詩 [ME, app<DOG: cf -REL DOGGERY狗性]
dole n.悲哀;賑濟品 [doleful悲哀的;寂寞的;陰沉的]
dolorous a.悲傷的;憂愁的 [ME<OF doleros<LL dolorosus(DOLOUR)]
dolt n.笨拙之人;傻瓜 [app related to dol, dold, obs var of DULL doltish adj愚蠢的;愚鈍的]
domain n.領土;領域;私人所有地 [ME<F domaine, OF demeine DEMESNE, assoc with L dominus lord]
domicile n.家;住所 [ME<OF<L domicilium<domus home]
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